{"id":19401,"date":"2020-02-20T17:05:55","date_gmt":"2020-02-20T17:05:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/?p=19401"},"modified":"2020-02-20T17:05:55","modified_gmt":"2020-02-20T17:05:55","slug":"astra-centru-de-unire-a-romanilor-prin-cultura","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/lectia-de-istorie\/astra-centru-de-unire-a-romanilor-prin-cultura\/","title":{"rendered":"ASTRA \u2013 centru de unire a rom\u00e2nilor prin cultur\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00centruc\u00e2t, \u00een\nTransilvania, lupta pentru afirmarea na\u0163ional\u0103 s-a desf\u0103\u015furat cel mai mult pe\nplan cultural, at\u00e2t \u00eenainte, c\u00e2t \u015fi dup\u0103 instaurarea dualismului austro-ungar\n(1867), <em>Asocia\u0163iunea transilvan\u0103 pentru\nliteratura rom\u00e2n\u0103 \u015fi cultura poporului rom\u00e2n<\/em> (ASTRA), \u00eenfiin\u0163at\u0103 la Sibiu,\n\u00een octombrie\/noiembrie 1861, a fost una dintre cele mai active societ\u0103\u0163i\nliterare, \u015ftiin\u0163ifice \u015fi culturale din acest \u0163inut. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chiar dac\u0103\nideea \u00eenfiin\u0163\u0103rii unei societ\u0103\u0163i literare sau a unei Academii \u00een Transilvania,\nav\u00e2nd drept scop \u201edezvoltarea culturii, a limbii rom\u00e2ne \u015fi publicarea c\u0103r\u0163ilor\nfolositoare\u201d, i-a preocupat pe rom\u00e2nii transilv\u0103neni imediat dup\u0103 revolu\u0163ia de\nla 1848, \u00eemprejur\u0103rile nu au fost favorabile cre\u0103rii acesteia \u00een condi\u0163iile\nabsolutismului habsburgic. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De la\n\u00eenceput, ASTRA a fost considerat\u0103 drept o societate menit\u0103 s\u0103 sprijine\ndezvoltarea activit\u0103\u0163ii culturale a tuturor rom\u00e2nilor r\u0103sp\u00e2ndi\u0163i \u015fi peste grani\u0163ele\npolitice ale vremii prin: publicarea de studii, dezvoltarea \u015fi cre\u015fterea\nnum\u0103rului \u015fcolilor rom\u00e2ne\u015fti, acordarea de burse \u015fi ajutoare pentru elevii\nmerituo\u015fi \u015fi ucenici, r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea cuno\u015ftin\u0163elor folositoare \u00een popor \u00een vederea\nunei mai bune cultiv\u0103ri a p\u0103m\u00e2ntului, prin \u00eendemnuri la orientarea rom\u00e2nilor\nspre comer\u0163 \u015fi practicarea diverselor meserii etc. Astfel, ASTRA a acordat\nburse \u015fi ajutoare materiale tinerilor dornici de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103tur\u0103 din Transilvania:\ncalfelor \u015fi ucenicilor care \u00eenv\u0103\u0163au diverse meserii, elevilor \u015fi studen\u0163ilor<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Orizonturile\n\u015fi \u0163elurile ASTREI s-au l\u0103rgit treptat. \u00cen anul 1868 a fost \u00eenfiin\u0163at\u0103 revista <em>Transilvania<\/em>, care a devenit ulterior\npublica\u0163ia oficial\u0103 a societ\u0103\u0163ii. Tot din acest an creeaz\u0103 filiale \u00een ora\u015fele\nreprezentative din Transilvania, iar dup\u0103 1895 \u00een Banat, Cri\u015fana \u015fi Maramure\u015f.\nS-a constituit <em>Asocia\u0163ia pentru cultur\u0103\npoporului rom\u00e2n din Maramure\u015f<\/em>, o societate similar\u0103, dar de propor\u0163ii mai\nreduse. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00centre anii\n1866-1876, ASTRA \u015fi-a adus o pre\u0163ioas\u0103 contribu\u0163ie la consolidarea \u015fi\nextinderea leg\u0103turilor \u00eentre rom\u00e2nii afla\u0163i de o parte \u015fi de alta a Carpa\u0163ilor,\nea constituind un mijloc important, decenii de-a r\u00e2ndul, \u00een lupta pentru\nemanciparea social\u0103 \u015fi na\u0163ional\u0103 a poporului rom\u00e2n \u00een ansamblul s\u0103u,\ncontribuind din plin la \u00eenf\u0103ptuirea idealului na\u0163ional al poporului nostru:\ndes\u0103v\u00e2r\u015firea unit\u0103\u0163ii statale a Rom\u00e2niei la 1 Decembrie 1918.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Folosind\nlegalitatea asocia\u0163iei, conduc\u0103torii ASTREI: George Bari\u0163iu, Timotei Cipariu,\nAndrei \u015eaguna, Iacob Bologa, Alexandru Mocioni, Ion Ra\u0163iu, Elie M\u0103celariu,\nPartenie Cosma etc., \u00een condi\u0163iile tot mai severe de dup\u0103 anul 1867, au sus\u0163inut\ninteresele vitale ale neamului lor prin \u00eent\u0103rirea solidarit\u0103\u0163ii na\u0163ionale \u015fi ridicarea\nnivelului cultural \u015fi economic al rom\u00e2nilor transilv\u0103neni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cenf\u0103ptuit\u0103\ncu c\u00e2\u0163iva ani \u00eenaintea Societ\u0103\u0163ii Literare (Societ\u0103\u0163ii Academice) din\nBucure\u015fti, ASTRA poate fi considerat\u0103 ca punct de plecare al viitoarei Academii\nRom\u00e2ne (1879), \u00een cadrul c\u0103reia \u00ee\u015fi vor desf\u0103\u015fura activitatea \u015fi mul\u0163i dintre\nmembrii ASTREI. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen\nconcluzie, putem men\u0163iona c\u0103 ASTRA a fost un centru de unire a tuturor\nrom\u00e2nilor prin cultur\u0103, consider\u00e2nd c\u0103 numai prin cultur\u0103 rom\u00e2nii transilv\u0103neni\npot ob\u0163ine tot ceea ce nu s-a putut c\u00e2\u015ftiga prin lupta politic\u0103. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Dr. Mihai\nFLOROAIA<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00centruc\u00e2t, \u00een Transilvania, lupta pentru afirmarea na\u0163ional\u0103 s-a desf\u0103\u015furat cel mai mult pe plan cultural, at\u00e2t \u00eenainte, c\u00e2t \u015fi dup\u0103 instaurarea dualismului austro-ungar (1867), Asocia\u0163iunea transilvan\u0103 pentru literatura rom\u00e2n\u0103 \u015fi cultura poporului rom\u00e2n (ASTRA), \u00eenfiin\u0163at\u0103 la Sibiu, \u00een octombrie\/noiembrie 1861,&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link-p\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/lectia-de-istorie\/astra-centru-de-unire-a-romanilor-prin-cultura\/\">Read more &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,426],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19401","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lectia-de-istorie","category-numarul-229"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19401","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19401"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19401\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19404,"href":"https:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19401\/revisions\/19404"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19401"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19401"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19401"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}