{"id":7961,"date":"2017-07-03T14:45:24","date_gmt":"2017-07-03T14:45:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/?p=7961"},"modified":"2017-07-03T14:45:24","modified_gmt":"2017-07-03T14:45:24","slug":"mircea-eliade-intoarcerea-in-timp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.slineamt.ro\/apostolul\/antologia-revistei-apostolul\/mircea-eliade-intoarcerea-in-timp\/","title":{"rendered":"Mircea ELIADE \u2013 \u00centoarcerea \u00een timp"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Lumini\u0163a MOSCALU<\/p>\n

Profesor<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A existat \u2013 considera Eliade \u00een Profetismul rom\u00e2nesc \u2013 mereu o nostalgie dup\u0103 timpurile \u201eidilice\u201d ale protoistoriei \u2013 c\u00e2nd \u00eenc\u0103 nu ap\u0103ruser\u0103 marile imperii militare \u2013 \u015fi nostalgia aceasta se \u00eendestula \u00eendat\u0103 ce prezentul devenea mai pu\u0163in amenin\u0163\u0103tor. Dar re\u00eentoarcerea periodic\u0103 la p\u0103g\u00e2nism era, de fapt, o re\u00eentoarcere \u00een istoria profan\u0103, \u00een prezent. Paradoxal, catastrofele istorice nu fac dec\u00e2t s\u0103 preg\u0103teasc\u0103 regenerarea spiritual\u0103. Pot fi, astfel, crizele istorice cu adev\u0103rat miraculoase at\u00e2ta timp c\u00e2t po\u0163i renun\u0163a la istoria profan\u0103 hot\u0103r\u00e2nd s\u0103 tr\u0103ie\u015fti \u00een sacru, trecut sau prezent. \u201eTeroarea istoriei\u201d este pierderea iluziilor, a optimismului care dominaser\u0103 prima decad\u0103 ce a urmat f\u0103uririi Rom\u00e2niei Mari. \u00centoarcerea din Rai explic\u0103 tragedia \u201etinerei genera\u0163ii\u201d. \u015ei, totu\u015fi, Huliganii preg\u0103tesc o revolu\u0163ie spiritual\u0103, cultural\u0103 \u015fi dac\u0103 nu politic\u0103, cel pu\u0163in real\u0103 \u015fi concret\u0103. Ei se pot angrena \u00een realitatea obiectiv\u0103, ei pot intra, altfel spus, \u00een istorie. Obsedat de iubire \u015fi moarte, de participarea la istorie \u015fi de evadarea din timp, Eliade continu\u0103 \u00een Noaptea de s\u00e2nziene tema ie\u015firii din spa\u0163iul \u015fi timpul profan, al instal\u0103rii \u00eentr-o lume atemporal\u0103. Ca \u015fi \u00een Lumina ce se stinge, \u00een Noaptea de s\u00e2nziene personajul traverseaz\u0103 labirinturi. Accesul \u00een paradis e condi\u00ad- \u0163ionat \u00eens\u0103 de dep\u0103\u015firea, \u00eentr-un fel sau altul, a infernului. Intrarea \u00een Rai implic\u0103 o na\u015ftere din nou, o \u201ena\u015ftere mistic\u0103\u201d posibil\u0103 printr-un \u201edescensus ad inferos\u201d. Asemenea ale\u015filor din societ\u0103\u0163ile arhaice care travers\u00e2nd \u201emoartea ini\u0163iatic\u0103\u201d, sufer\u0103 muta\u0163ii ontologice, eroii lui Eliade transgreseaz\u0103, pe diverse c\u0103i, orizontul fenomenalit\u0103\u0163ilor, intr\u00e2nd \u00eentr-un \u201edincolo\u201d al sacrului. Literatura fantastic\u0103 compune, printr-o ac\u0163iune magic\u0103, o nou\u0103 realitate. Personajul din Secretul doctorului Honigberger se reg\u0103se\u015fte \u00een Shambala, o \u0163ar\u0103 miraculoas\u0103, inaccesibil\u0103 geografic. Sacrul se afl\u0103 \u00een profan, fiind camuflat de el \u015fi, implicit, limitat. \u00cen lumea modern\u0103, desacralizat\u0103, sacrul este dificil de recunoscut. Transcenderea are semnifica\u0163ia recuper\u0103rii \u201eparadisului\u201d pierdut. P\u0103trunderea \u00een netimp determin\u0103 revela\u0163ia autenticit\u0103\u0163ii libertatea deplin\u0103. \u00cen Tinere\u0163e f\u0103r\u0103 de tinere\u0163e printr-un proces de anamnez\u0103 radical, eroul adun\u0103 \u00eentreaga cunoa\u015ftere uman\u0103, anticip\u00e2nd condi\u0163ia pe care o vor dob\u00e2ndi oamenii dup\u0103 c\u00e2teva zeci de mii de ani. Principala caracteristic\u0103 a noii umanit\u0103\u0163i va fi structura vie\u0163ii psihomental\u0103. Tot ce fusese g\u00e2ndit sau \u00eenf\u0103ptuit era recuperat prin abstragerea din imediat. \u201eS\u0103 ie\u015fi din timp, s\u0103 nu te la\u015fi confiscat, macerat \u015fi terorizat; s\u0103 tr\u0103ie\u015fti ca om, ca fiin\u0163\u0103 total\u0103 \u015fi s\u0103 nu te la\u015fi tr\u0103it de \u0163esuturi, de glande, de automatisme\u201d sunt speran\u0163e prin care Eliade \u00ee\u015fi propune s\u0103 reob\u0163in\u0103 \u201econdi\u0163ia adamic\u0103 primordial\u0103\u201d r\u0103m\u00e2n\u00e2nd \u00een istorie. \u00cen Noaptea de s\u00e2nziene cerurile se deschid pentru ini\u0163ia\u0163i astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t un accident banal poate \u00eensemna o ie\u015fire din timp \u015fi spa\u0163iu. Perspectiva sacrului este redob\u00e2ndit\u0103. \u201eTeroarea istoriei\u201d este anulat\u0103. Na\u015fterea ini\u0163iatic\u0103 implic\u0103 moartea fa\u0163\u0103 de existen\u0163a profan\u0103. \u201ePrizonier al istoriei\u201d sau nu, Mircea Eliade explic\u0103 \u00een Mitul eternei re\u00eentoarceri c\u0103 omul modern trebuie s\u0103 aleag\u0103 \u00eentre \u201edisperare \u015fi credin\u0163\u0103\u201d, c\u0103ci nu se mai poate ap\u0103ra \u00eempotriva r\u0103ului profund dec\u00e2t prin ideea de Dumnezeu, iar singura sa libertate \u00een cadrul istoriei nu poate fi dec\u00e2t o libertate care-\u015fi are sursa \u015fi-\u015fi g\u0103se\u015fte garan\u0163ia \u015fi sprijinul \u00een Dumnezeu (Apostolul nr. 80, martie, 2006)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lumini\u0163a MOSCALU Profesor   A existat \u2013 considera Eliade \u00een Profetismul rom\u00e2nesc \u2013 mereu o nostalgie dup\u0103 timpurile \u201eidilice\u201d ale protoistoriei \u2013 c\u00e2nd \u00eenc\u0103 nu ap\u0103ruser\u0103 marile imperii militare \u2013 \u015fi nostalgia aceasta se \u00eendestula \u00eendat\u0103 ce prezentul devenea mai…<\/p>\n

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